Orius species are reported as the most promising among anthocorids. Pdf reproduction of orius laevigatus and orius albidipennis on. Parasitic wasps that attach eggs anaphes iole and nymphs peristenus relictus are commonly found in strawberries. Pena1 successful biological control requires knowledge of the organisms used and their biology. Orius tristicolor bug, minute pirate order homoptera family eriococcidae tectococcus ovatus biocontrol agent, strawberry guava order hymenoptera family aphelinidae aphelinus all species in genus parasite, aphid cales noacki parasite, woolly whitefly encarsia formosa parasite, greenhouse whitefly. Plants trap pollen to feed predatory arthropods as an. Indiana register natural resources commission subject. Partial ecological life tables constructed for each annual generation indicated that 7195%.
It is found in the caribbean sea, central america, north america, oceania, and south america references. Seidner environmental studies undergraduate department, university of california, santa cruz, 1156 high st. Several natural enemies have been identified, including minute pirate bug orius tristicolor, western bigeyed bug geocoris pallens, and convergent lady beetle hippodamia convergens 10, but. Bollworm had one discernable generation per season in cotton. The omnivorous anthocorid predator orius laevigatus is an economically important biological control agent of several small arthropod pests including the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. Orius minutus controlled aphids infesting apple orchards in china qin, 1985 and orius sauteri poppius was recorded as an important. Natural control of helicoverpa zea boddie in transpecos cotton. Schrank and beneficial arthropods stethorus punctum picipes casey, orius spp. The most common species in the midwest is orius insidiosus, the insidious flower bug.
The effect of moisture source and diet on the development and reproduction of the pirate bugs, orius thripoborus hesse and orius naivashae poppius hemiptera. Intraguild predation of orius tristicolor by geocoris spp. Both species had been collected in and around sugarcane fields in south africa. The gut content analyses revealed that insect and spider predators collected from the alfalfa trap crop had a significantly higher proportion of their population containing lygus spp.
Thripidae in pepper flowers ignacio baez, 1stuart r. Do not duplicate or redistribute 1 1 chapter 6 kinds of natural enemies. The population dynamics of the bollworm, helicoverpa zea boddie, and its associated natural enemies were studied in insecticide free, commercial, shortseason cotton fields from 1991 to 1995 in the southern blacklands of texas. The intraplant spatial patterns of adult and nymphal populations of orius were aggregated with the majority of the orius collected from the top onethird of the plant. Two insects may reduce hairy vetch seed yield in heavy infestations. Biological traits and predation capacity of four orius species on two. Orius tristicolor abundance increases with flower bloom intensity of hedgerow plant species d. Reprinted with permission of asacssasssa publishers, p. Classification explanation of names range works cited. For example, a study showed that the insidious flower beetle orius insidiosus laid 56. Mass rearing systems for orius bugs typically make use of plant materials such as bean pods as an oviposition substrate and moisture source. Conserving natural enemies by providing flowering hosts as refuges and selecting chemicals that are less harmful can contribute to. Orius tristicolor white,8 anthocoridae minute pirate bug. Further details may be available for individual references in the distribution table details section which can be.
Genomic dna sequence data for its1 were derived from. Continuous rearing of the predatory anthocorid orius. The minute pirate bugs, orius insidiosus say and orius pumilio champion hemiptera. Pdf identity of two sympatic species of orius hemiptera. Department of plant and environmental protection sciences. Wallis test followed by the distribution free multiple comparison test. Orius tristicolor abundance increases with flower bloom.
Behavior predation by orius insidiosus heteroptera. Pdf reproduction and longevity of the anthocorid predators orius laevigatus fieber and. Nucleotide sequences have been submitted to genbank, and the accession numbers are gu214726 orius insidiosus, gu214727 orius tristicolor, and gu214728 orius pumilio. Behavioral responses of predaceous minute pirate bugs to. Development and survival of orius albidipennis and o. The genus orius commonly called minute pirate bug consists of omnivorous bugs in the family anthocoridae pirate bugs. Feb 01, 2014 the omnivorous anthocorid predator orius laevigatus is an economically important biological control agent of several small arthropod pests including the western flower thrips frankliniella occidentalis. Many are found in cryptic habitats such as galls, several widespread genera are surface feeders on small arthropods anthocoris, orius, and tetraphleps, and others can be found in ant nests and, especially, under bark. Orius insidiosus insidious flower bug orius tristicolor minute pirate bug palexorista inconspicua papilio polyxenes black swallowtail butterfly pediobius foveolatus bean beetle parasite peristenus digoneutis phrydiuchus tau mediterranean sage root crown. At lapalma, arizona, cotton and alfalfa were interplanted at the. Moreover, plant materials must be of good quality and free of pesticides.
Environmental improvement through biological control and. Anthocoridae on life stages and species of frankliniella flower thrips thysanoptera. There are two species in arizona, orius tristicolor a and o. During the summers of 1996 and 1997 helicoverpa zea aphics. The genus orius consists of omnivorous bugs in the family anthocoridae pirate bugs. Sequence alignments of 18s rdna from orius insidiosus, o.
List of restricted animals november 28, 2006 part a. Wallis test, followed by distributionfree multiple comparison. The predatory bugsorius insidiosus andorius albidipennis are potential candidates for biocontrol of the thrips,frankliniella occidentalis. Minute pirate bugs, particularly orius tristicolor white, feed voraciously on western. Ballal, kazutaka yamada, in ecofriendly pest management for food security, 2016. Comparison with green beans and use in enzymelinked immunosorbent. Moisture source and diet affect development and reproduction.
Please specify if you want a cd or usb thumb drive in addition to the hard copy. The effect of various diets on nymphal development and survival of two predaceous anthocorid bugs,orius albidipennis reuter ando. Evaluation of orius species for biological control of. Pdf the minute pirate bugs, orius insidiosus say and orius pumilio champion hemiptera. Biology and feeding habits of orius tristicolor hemiptera.
Banana rust thrips damage to banana and ornamentals in. Kingdom animalia animals phylum arthropoda arthropods subphylum hexapoda hexapods class insecta insects order hemiptera true bugs, cicadas, hoppers, aphids and allies. Chapter 6edited do not duplicate or redistribute 1 1 chapter 6 kinds of natural enemies l. Volume xxxiv, number 1112, published july 2015 2015.
Minute bug with enormous impacts on insect pests university of. Adults are 25 mm long and feed mostly on smaller insects, larva and eggs, such as spider mites, thrips, jumping plant lice, and white fly, but will also feed on pollen and vascular sap these predators are common in gardens and landscapes. They are often seen in corn silks, and can be an important predator of corn earworm eggs. The effect of various diets on nymphal development and survival of two predaceous anthocorid bugs, orius albidipennis reuter ando. Orius tristicolor order homoptera family eriococcidae tectococcus ovatus order hymenoptera family aphelinidae aphelinus all species in genus cales noacki encarsia formosa encarsia guadeloupae encarsia. Heteroptera, anthocoridae the insects and arachnids of canada leonard a kelton download bok. Ucceimperial county and mail to annette tietz, ucce, 1050 e. Anthocoridae is present also in the horticultural region of salto, this species was incorporated into the study in order to evaluate if significant. Anthocoridae minute pirate bug and insidious flower bug. Arthropod pest management during and at the end of. Many are found in cryptic habitats such as galls, several widespread genera are surface feeders on small arthropods anthocoris, orius, and tetraphleps, and others can. Here, male and female genitalia, dna sequences, and the effects of within and betweenspecies pairings on egg production and egg development were examined to develop a better understanding of the relationship. Values are total numbers of psyllids and natural enemies found on any given date. Simulations suggest that immigration and emigration play important roles in sitespeci.
Identity of two sympatric species of orius hemiptera. Orius tristicolor, a beneficial insect that feeds on many agricultural pest. Apart from this, more than a single study was done on only a handful of species. Orius tristicolor, and multiple species of spiders are among the predacious arthropods. In this paper, i examine evidence that orius, which occupies the next rung in the sizebased ladder, is suppressed by intraguild predation. Strip planting alfalfa in cotton wilbur wuertz farm. It is found in the caribbean sea, central america, north america, oceania, and south america. Both immature and adult orius can consume 30 or more spider mites per day. Adults are 25 mm long and feed mostly on smaller insects, larva and eggs, such as spider mites, thrips, jumping plant lice, and white fly, but will also feed on pollen and vascular sap. Orius minutus controlled aphids infesting apple orchards in china qin, 1985 and orius sauteri poppius was recorded as an. Minute pirate bug university of maryland extension. Orius maxidentex ghauri and orius tantillus motschulsky being the most common ones. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Oviposition and isolation of viable eggs from orius insidiosus in a parafilm and water substrate.
The population density of the orius was monitored biweekly for 4 months from may to august using plant tappings, blossoms, plant leaves, and whole plants. Anthocoridae, are closely related species known to be sympatric in north florida. Volume xxxiv, number 1112, published july 2015 t he 2015 directory is a gateway to more than two thousand useful pest control items for quick access see box a on page. Adults are very small 3 mm long, somewhat ovalshaped, and black with white wing patches. Thripidae, formerly known as the orchid thrips, was first collected in ha. Ip10 banana rust thrips damage to banana and ornamentals in hawaii ctahr june 2002. One or more of the features that are needed to show you the maps functionality are not available in the web browser that you are using.
Orius tristicolor an overview sciencedirect topics. Behavioral responses of predaceous minute pirate bugs. Integrated pest manage ment of flower crops under copy free ebook download as powerpoint presentation. Pdf reproduction of orius laevigatus and orius albidipennis. Family anthocoridae are valuable natural enemies in cotton and abundant throughout the season. Around 70 species of orius are known all over the world.
Feeding habits of orius tristicolor 1 oup academic. Orius maxidentex was observed to be a potential predator of helicoverpa armigera hubner in the sunflower ecosystem ballal and singh, 2001. Both species had been collected in and around sugarcane fields in. Intra and interplant spatial patterns were determined for adults and nymphs of orius insidiosus say and o.
Timely augmentative releases of phytoseiids or nonphytoseiids e. Leaf damage and prey type determine search effort in orius. Predators are free living organisms for which the adults and most of the immature stages must kill and eat prey for their survival. Boddie life stages were monitored in insedicide free cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. Identification the following is a description of orius spp.
Similarly, hairy vetch blossoms harbor flower thrips frankliniella spp. Orius insidiosus insidious flower bug orius tristicolor minute pirate bug palexorista inconspicua papilio polyxenes black swallowtail butterfly pediobius foveolatus bean beetle parasite peristenus digoneutis phrydiuchus tau mediterranean sage root crown weevil podisus maculiventris spined soldier bug. There are no reports of anthurium cultivars that are resistant or susceptible to anthurium thrips, but injury is. The distribution in this summary table is based on all the information available. Anthocoridae, with emphasis on the stimulus for biting man mark norbert wisniewski loyola university chicago this thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the theses and dissertations at loyola ecommons. They derived this hypothesis from a study of pesticide evects on the cotton predator community. Orius tristicolor was the most abundant predator, followed by nabis, collops, geocoris, chrysopa, coccinellids and reduviids. Field observations have revealed that each of the larger hemipteran predators, geocoris spp. Natural control of helicoverpa zea boddie in transpecos.